With respect to inequalities associated with race and ethnicity, the picture also poses significant challenges. In LAC there are over 50 million and 120 million indigenous descent, who represent about 33% of the population of the region. By analyzing the progress of the population eurodescendiente (PED), on the one hand, and indigenous and African descent (PIAD), on the other hand, there were still gaps in terms of progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) ( Busso, Cicowiez and Gasparini, 2005 ).[*] For example, poverty levels are larger in the pious in the PED, with the exception of Costa Rica and Haiti (see Chart 2.5). Several factors explain this difference. One has to do with the benefits each group receives formal instruction. On average, developing countries achieved higher returns on education than PIAD, so it has greater incentives to continue their studies. Taken from UNDP (2010). Regional Human Development Report for Latin America and the Caribbean 2010 , pp. 32 and 36.
[*] Busso, M., M. Cicowiez and L. Gasparini, 2005. Ethnicity and the Millennium Development Goals . Bogotá: ECLAC, IDB, UNDP and World Bank.
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